Vantaggi
TI has good ethics, good respect for the individual and is a leader in many of the fields it engages in. It has proven to be a survivor in the tech world (not so many other >75 year old tech companies). Good culture for helping others, people will generally go out of their way to help.
Svantaggi
High-level "strategy" is very sales-driven, and might not really be strategy in the true meaning of the word. Cuts can be brutal, when TI figures out that it wants to get out of a particular business, it does not hold back from cutting entire businesses. If you are in the wrong place at the wrong time, it doesn't really help how good you are. On the other hand, this is maybe a key reason why TI is still around (see >75 years on the pro side). Bureaucracy can feel stifling sometimes; support functions may be removed without reducing the paperwork load. Depending on the location, there may be a lot of politics at lower levels (Dallas is probably the worst location in this regard). At higher levels, there certainly appears to be some political wrangling - at least some decisions only make sense in this light. Although there is focus on work-life balance, workload can be on the high side. TI has succeeded in having some big windfalls with small staffing in some fields and may have too high expectations that this can be replicated across the board.